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Action language
In computer science, an action language is a language for specifying state transition systems, and is commonly used to create formal models of the effects of actions on the world.〔Michael Gelfond, Vladimir Lifschitz (1998) "(Action Languages )", ''Linköping Electronic Articles in Computer and Information Science'', vol 3, nr ''16''.〕 Action languages are commonly used in the artificial intelligence and robotics domains, where they describe how actions affect the states of systems over time, and may be used for automated planning.
The best known action language is PDDL.〔Drew McDermott, The Planning Domain Definition Language, Technical Report CVC TR-98-003/DCS TR-1165, Yale Center for Computational Vision and Control, Yale University, 1998.〕
Action languages fall into two classes: action description languages and action query languages. Examples of the former include STRIPS, PDDL, Language A (a generalization of STRIPS; the propositional part of Pednault's ADL), Language B (an extension of A adding ''indirect effects'', distinguishing static and dynamic laws) and Language C (which adds indirect effects also, and does not assume that every fluent is automatically "inertial"). There are also the Action Query Languages P, Q and R. Several different algorithms exist for converting action languages, and in particular, action language C, to answer set programs.〔Vladimir Lifschitz and Hudson Turner, (1998) "(Representing Transition Systems by Logic Programs )".〕〔Martin Gebser, Torsten Grote and Torsten Schaub, (2010) "(Coala: a compiler from action languages to ASP )".〕 Since modern answer-set solvers make use of boolean SAT algorithms to very rapidly ascertain satisfiability, this implies that action languages can also enjoy the progress being made in the domain of boolean SAT solving.
== Formal definition ==
All action languages supplement the definition of a state transition system with a set ''F'' of ''fluents'', a set ''V'' of values that fluents may take, and a function mapping ''S'' × ''F'' to ''V'', where ''S'' is the set of states of a state transition system.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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